Guides
Sheet nesting, grain and material use
A high utilization percentage is useful only when orientation and converting constraints remain valid.
Start with the usable sheet
Subtract machine gripper, margins and damaged edges before comparing a blank with the nominal sheet size.
Respect grain or flute direction
Rotating a blank can improve mathematical utilization while creating poor folds or weak panels. Allow rotation only when the stock and structure permit it.
Count realistic waste
Setup sheets, registration, spoilage and inspection rejects belong in a production estimate. Digital nesting is a planning signal, not a purchase order.